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Fan Fiction About Asian Men and Black Women

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Type of fiction created away fans of the original subject

Fan fiction surgery fanfiction (also abbreviated to fan fic, fanfic, fic or ff) is fictional writing written in an amateur capacity by fans, unauthorized by, but based connected an existing work of fiction. The generator uses copyrighted characters, settings, Beaver State other intellectual properties from the original creator(s) as a basis for their writing. Lover fiction ranges from a twosome of sentences to an entire novel, and fans can both keep in the Almighty's characters and settings and/or add their own. It is a form of devotee labor. Fan fiction can be based on any fictional (and occasional non-fictional) subject. Common bases for fan fiction include novels, movies, musical groups, cartoons, gum anime, manga, and video games.

Fan fiction is rarely commissioned or authorized by the original work's creator or publisher and is seldom professionally publicized. It may infringe connected the original writer's copyright, depending on the jurisdiction and on legal questions so much as whether Beaver State not it qualifies as "clear use" (see Legal issues with fan fiction). Attitudes of authors and copyright owners of original works to fan fabrication hold ranged from impassiveness to encouragement to rejection. Copyright owners have now and then responded with legal action.

The term came into use in the 20th century A copyright Pentateuch began to delineate between stories using established characters that were authorized by the right of first publication holder and those that were not.[1]

Fan fable is defined by existence related to its subject's canonical unreal universe, either staying within those boundaries but not being of the canon itself, alternatively branching outside of IT into an alternative universe.[2] So, what is "fanon" is detached from what is canon. Sports fan fabrication is often written and published inside circles of fans, and hence would usually not cater to readers World Health Organization have no knowledge of the original fabrication.

Definition [edit]

The term "winnow fiction" has been misused in print as earlier every bit 1939; in this earliest known citation, it is used in a disparaging way to refer to amateur science fiction (as opposed to "pro fiction").[3] The terminus also appears in the 1944 Fancyclopedia, an encyclopedia of fandom Jargon. IT is defined there as "fabrication or so fans, or sometimes about pros, and occasionally bringing in much famous characters from [science fiction] stories". The book also mentions that the term is "sometimes improperly used to mean fan science fiction, that is, ordinary fantasy published in a devotee magazine".[3] [4]

History [edit]

Before copyright [edit]

Ahead the adoption of right of first publication in the forward-looking sense, it was non unusual for authors to replicate characters, if not entire plots. For example, Shakespeare's plays Romeo and Juliet, A great deal Ado About Zipp, Othello, As You Like It and The Winter's Tale were all based on comparatively Recent fiction by other authors.[5]

19th century [edit]

Among 19th hundred literature bailiwick to notability depictions not initially authorized aside the freehand author, is enclosed Bram Bram Stoker's Dracula 's portrayal in the translated adaptation Powers of Darkness.[6] The works of Jane Austen remain one of the virtually popular works to wee unauthorized depictions of,[7] with one notable Jane Austen fan fiction being Old Friends and New Fancies. Many unauthorized stories of Sherlock Holmes by Arthur Conan Doyle have been created, including The Adventure of the Two Collaborators by J. M. Barrie.[8] Also created has been The Space Machine supported The War of the Worlds and Morlock Nighttime settled happening The Time Machine by H. G. Wells; A New Alice in the Old Wonderland based on Alice's Adventures in Wonderland by Lewis Carroll; and Wide Gulfweed Sea founded on Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte.[9]

Star Trek fandom [edit]

The Star Trek fanzine Spockanalia contained the first buff fabrication in the modern sense of the condition.

The recent phenomenon of fan fabrication equally an expression of fandom and fan fundamental interaction was popularized and definite via Star Trek fandom and their fanzines published in the 1960s. The first Star Trek fanzine, Spockanalia (1967), controlled some fan fiction; many others followed its example.[10] : 1 These fanzines were produced via offset printing and mimeography, and mailed to other fans operating room sold at science fiction conventions for a undersized fee to service recoup costs. Unlike another aspects of fandom, women dominated sports fan fiction authoring; 83% of Whizz Trek fan fiction authors were female past 1970, and 90% by 1973.[11] One learner states that fan fabrication "fill[s] the need of a mostly distaff audience for unreal narratives that expand the boundary of the formalized seed products offered on the television and movie screen."[12]

World Wide Web [edit]

Buff fiction has become much popular and widespread since the advent of the World Wide Web. Accordant to one forecast, fan fiction comprises one-third of all placid about books on the web.[13] In add-on to traditional fanzines and conventions, Usenet mathematical group electronic mailing lists were established for fan fiction equally well arsenic fan discussion. Online, searchable devotee fable archives were besides established. The online archives were initially non-commercial hand over-tended and fandom, operating theater topic, specific. These archives were followed past non-commercial automated databases. In 1998, the non-for-profit site FanFiction.Meshwork came online, which allowed anyone to upload content in whatsoever fandom.[14] The ability to individual-publish winnow fiction at an easily convenient common archive that did not require insider knowledge to sum, and the power to review the stories right away on the internet site, became popular quite quickly.[15] One popular example of late buff fiction is E. L. James' Fifty Shades of Leaden. This serial publication was originally written As fan fable for the Twilight series of books and movies and played off the characters of Bella and Edward. In gild to non encroach on copyright issues, James IV changed the character names to Ana and Christian for the purposes of her novels,[16] which is a practice called 'pull-to-publish'.[17] Anna Todd's 2013 fan fiction After most the European country boy circle One Direction secured a rule book and movie deal with renamed characters in 2014.[18] [19] The motion picture Subsequently was released on 12 April 2022.

On May 22, 2013, the online retailer Amazon.com established a new publishing military service, Kindle Worlds. This service enabled fan fiction stories of certain licensed media properties to be sold in the Provok Store with footing including 35% of net sales for works of 10,000 quarrel or more and 20% for short fabrication ranging from 5,000 to 10,000 wrangle. However, this arrangement includes restrictions on content, copyright violations, poor written document formatting, and use of misleading titles.[20] Amazon shut fine-tune Elicit Worlds in August 2022.[21]

Japanese dōjinshi [edit out]

A exchangeable trend in Japan also began appearing about the 1960s and 1970s, where independently published manga and novels, known as dōjinshi, are frequently published by dōjin circles; many of these dōjinshi are based on existing manga, anime, and computer game franchises. Manga authors suchlike Shotaro Ishinomori and Fujiko Fujio vase-shaped dōjin groups such atomic number 3 Fujio's New Manga Party (新漫画党, Clamber Manga-tō). At this time, dōjin groups were used by artists to induce a professional launching. This changed in the coming decades with dōjin groups forming as school clubs and the like. This culminated in 1975 with the Comiket in Tokio.

Demographics [edit]

In a survey done in 2010, it was found that 75.2% of account holders on FanFiction.Web allowed for the website to disclose their location. It was found that 57% of accounts originated from the United States, followed away 9.2% created in the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Irelan, 5.6% in Canada and 4% in Australia.[22]

More recently, a 2022 study of Archive Of Our Own users[23] institute that of the surveyed profiles which stated a nationality, 59.7% were located in North America, 16.1% were in Great GB with an additive 10% otherwise settled in Mainland EC, 6.3% were in Oceania, 2.8% were Scandinavian, 2.2% were in Asia, 1.8% were in South America and the Caribbean, and 0.2% were in the Middle East. This study did not include profiles written in Island, Greek, Country, Asian country, Korean, Smoothen, Russian, or Turkish, which may affect these demographics.[23]

Excite and gender [edit]

A 2022 study looking at Harry Potter buff fiction writers on AO3 found that of users who disclose their gender in their profiles, 50.4% are pistillate or femme-leaning and 13.4% are masculine operating room masc-leaning. 11% of users disclose that they are transgender, and complete 21% are nonbinary, genderfluid, and/operating theater genderqueer, with an additional 3.9% indicating that they are agender or genderless.[23]

Senesce [edit out]

Overwhelmingly, fan fabrication writers come out to be in their early- to mid-20s. Demographics throw been assessed as being 56.7% university students and unusual young adults, while 21.3% register equally being 30 days and older. 0.2% specify that they are of retirement age; teenagers manufacture the remaining 19.8%.[23]

Categories and terms [delete]

Genres [edit]

Additionally to the "regular" list of genres, there are a few genres which are nearly associated with fan fiction. These genres can overlap and let in:

Angst [edit]

A story with an Angst-ridden mood centered on a character/characters WHO are brooding, sorrowful, or in anguish.

Mutually exclusive universe (AU) [blue-pencil]

"What if..." fanfiction featuring characters kick in a universe other than their canonical one.[24] There are multiple types of alternative universe settings: an alternative cosmos may make dramatic work alterations to the setting (for example, a "Fantasy AU" that places characters from a non-fantasy canyon into a world of magic); it may falsify characterization (often referred to simply as someone being "Retired of Character" (OOC) rather than an Atomic number 79 proper); or it Crataegus oxycantha alter major plot of ground events to suit the generator's purposes (see, for example, "Fix-It Fic").[25]

Crossover [edit]

Works featuring characters, items, and/surgery set pieces from multiple fandoms. This is also named "Fusion Fic" if the cardinal worlds are merged into one.

Soulmates[26] [edit]

The "Soulmate AU" is a popular genre that envisions characters in a planetary, often very similar to canon, where soulmates are demonstrably real. Common mechanics for soulmates include each person having the name of their soulmate written on their skin at nascence, or a peculiar change that occurs when two soulmates catch or touch each other first. The most common trope therein genre is unmatched character existence certain they don't have/deficiency/deserve a soulmate, only to be proven wrong as they fall gaga over the course of the fic.

Time Travel AU [edit]

A story in which one of the characters is conveyed rearwards in time to get a second chance with knowledge of the original plot. This is also named the "Peggy Sue," after the moving-picture show Peggy Action Got Married, in which this happens to the titular character. This term may induce fallen into disuse collectable to its similarity to "Mary Sue."

"2-Feb," titled after the film, is a magnetic variation of this trope, in which the sentence travel happens repeatedly (typically until the clip-travelling fibre "gets it rightfield").

Darkfic [edit]

Stories that are well more grim or dreary than the original, often in deliberate contrast to the canonical work(s). Not all stories tagged as "dark" count as darkfic. This is sometimes through with fandoms that are meant to atomic number 4 light-hearted or for children.[27] Darkfic can likewise refer to content that is "on purpose disturbing" (i.e. personal/emotional violence operating room abuse).

Fix-It Fic [blue-pencil]

A counterpart to darkfic, operating theater maybe its supergenre, fix-it fic refers to stories which rewrite canonical events that the fic writer disliked or otherwise wished to "fix." This may refer to an communicator misstep (e.g., "fixing" major patch holes), or simply to a drama event or ending (for exemplify, "Everyone Lives" alternate universes). Fix-it fic that focuses on correcting flaws in the underived make is also called "rebuild fic," titled for the Rebuild of Evangelion series; if it focuses heavily on vital thinking skills and deductive reasoning, it can follow thoughtful a "rationalist revision," as popularized by Harry Potter and the Methods of Rationality.

Fluff[28] [edit]

"Feel good" fan fiction designed to be emphatically happy and uplifting. The plot is often less related in these works, Eastern Samoa the independent focal point is to personify cheerful. WAFF, short for "Warm And Fuzzy Feelings," is other term for this genre.

Hurt/Comfort[29] [edit]

A story in which a eccentric is put through a traumatizing experience in order to be comforted.[30] The climax of these stories is often when incomparable character witnesses another character's suffering and typically alleviates it; withal, a variation that prioritizes focus on the fiber's wretched (their "hurt"), sometimes to the exclusion of "console," is referred to as "whump."[31] Excessive whump may likewise be considered darkfic.

Self-insert [edit]

A literary genre of buff fiction in which a version of the writer is transported to, operating room discovers they are inside, the world that the fan fiction is supported. About always written in the early mortal.

Multicross self-insert [edit]

Instead of a single fictional cosmos, the inserted author is taken to many in a rowing, and essential usually solve some problems or complete much challenges in each site before moving happening. Gaining new powers and occasionally companions from each world is park.

Algorithmic | Meta | Fan-Verse [edit]

Occasionally, a fan fiction will find enough popularity to invigorate readers to drop a line fan fiction supported that fic. On the File away Of Our Own, this kindhearted of recursive rooter fiction is called a "remix."[32]

Songfic [edit]

Songfic, also called song fic or call-fic, is a music genre of fan fiction that features a fictional work interspersed with the lyrics of a relevant song.[33] [34] The term is a combination of "song" and "fiction"; as such, unmatched might besides see the writing style referred to as "songfiction". Arsenic many lyrics are under copyright, whether songfics are a violation of that copyright law is a subject of argument. Some rooter fiction websites, such as FanFiction.Net, accept barred authors from posting songfics with lyrics outside the public domain.[35]

In an essay in Medicine, Sound, and Silence in Buffy the Lamia Slayer, University of Sydney professor Catherine II Driscoll commented that the genre was "one of the to the lowest degree distinguished modes of fan product" and that "within rooter fiction excessive bond to operating theater foregrounding of popular music is itself dismissed as immature and derivative".[36]

Vent [edit]

Give vent fic refers to literature transcribed by an writer under duress or for therapeutic purposes, normally to still themselves following a stressful or upsetting situation.

Terminology [edit]

[edit]

An abbreviation of "author's note". Author's notes pot be written at whatever point during a fan fiction (in about cases interrupting the stream of the put together by appearing within the body of a rooter fiction), but are typically found directly earlier the beginning of a fan fiction or after it has terminated, and also at the starts or ends of chapters if the fib is updated periodically. A/Ns are old to convey direct messages from the writer to the reviewer regarding the firearm.[37] This term has fallen somewhat closed.

Canon [edit]

Canon is the original story. This means anything related to the original author including the plot, settings, and character developments.[37]

Disclaimer [delete]

Disclaimers are author's notes typically making known readers about who deserves credit for the original informant material,[38] and often containing pseudo-legal language disavowing any intent of copyright infringement or alluding to fair-and-square use. Such "disclaimers" are legally unable and supported misunderstandings of right of first publication law, particularly confusion between illegal right of first publication infringement and wrong plagiarism.[39] Disclaimers own fallen out of utilise since the Archive of Our Own rose in popularity.

Drabble [edit]

A manikin of flash fabrication writing also pop unlikely of fan fabrication, a drabble is typically a piece of writing that is only 100 words.[40]

Fandom [edit]

A fandom is a group of fans of a item work of fiction (e.g. original, film, television program or computer game). Members of a fandom are typically interested in even venial details of the plot/characters of their fandom and often spend a significant portion of their clip and energy involved with their interest, that is why about winnow fictions are written by members of a primary fandom(s).

Fangirl/fanboy [edit]

An various who is an extremely enthusiastic extremity of one OR many fandoms. Furthermore, the term fangirling/fanboying refers to a bit where a person gets excited about a fandom.

Fanon [edit]

Fanon (portmanteau of fan and canon) is an "unconfirmed canon" idea that is wide believed to be truthful among fans, but is neither unconfirmed nor officially endorsed away the original generator or generator creator, preventing it from being tagged as canon. Fanon may refer to a whole reading of the original employment, or specific details within it.

Headcanon (HC) [redact]

Headcanon is a fan's personal, single interpretation of canon, such as the backstory of a character, or the nature of relationships 'tween characters. IT English hawthorn represent a teasing out of subtext present in the canon, but it cannot direct controvert canon. If many separate fans share this interpretation, it may become fanon.

Mary Process [edit]

Also of note is the construct of the "Blessed Virgin Action" (occasionally "MS"), a full term credited every bit originating in Star Trek fan fiction that has crossed concluded to the mainstream, at to the lowest degree among editors and writers. In immature Trek devotee fiction, a joint plot of ground was that of a minor member of the USS Enterprise 's crew saving the life of Captain Kirk or Mister Spock, often being rewarded with a intersexual relationship as a result. The term "Mary Sue", originating in a parody of stories therein wish fulfillment genre, thus tends to refer to an idealized or overpowered reference lacking flaws, often taken to play the author.[41]

One harmonious union (OTP) [edit]

An abbreviation of the full term "one true pairing", where the author or reader ships (wishes for a romantic kinship between) fated characters from a fandom. Additionally, OTPs are likewise subsetted as OT3s, which reference the reader's unmatched true bonding with deuce-ac people; this enumerate arse be changed to refer to a larger bonding of people.

Round [edit]

A single piece of writing, Eastern Samoa opposed to a multichapter work, that can equal of any length. May likewise have sequel works, while still being a one guesswork.[42]

Real person fiction (RPF) [edit]

Fan fable-style kit and boodle that tell stories about real people, usually celebrities, alternatively of unreal characters. The book After by Anna Todd, afterwards adapted into a film of the same name, was originally a real number someone fanfiction about One Direction member Plague Styles.

Self-insert (SI) [cut]

An abbreviation of self-insert, usually referring to either a story in the eponymous musical style or to the generator's avatar within one.

Transport [redact]

A stochastic variable of romance convergent on exploring a relationship between two or more characters from the original fandom(s). It has several fandom-specific subgenres, chief among which are slash (which focuses on homosexual pairings, usually of the priapic variety) and femslash (same every bit slash, only exclusively female/female). In other circumstance, the term "merchant marine" within the community may mean that a fan is heavily invested in a relationship between two characters. Writers of fan fiction often usance the genre to explore pederastic pairings for popular characters who are not in (or not specified as existence in; see queerbaiting) homosexual relationships in the canon bring.[43] A subcategory of this, portraying loving couples in mundane domestic situations (such arsenic picking out curtains), was previously called "curtainfic," though the term has destroyed moderately out of use.

Smut [edit]

Smut, also named Porn and (rarely) Porno, is sexually explicit or pornographic fanfiction; this could refer to a small portion of a story, or its integrality. Historically, the damage "lemon" (i.e. explicit pornography) and "lime" (i.e. sexually suggestive deeds) were euphemisms used to advert to definitive material. They were in common use in the 2000s, and fell into disuse before resurging in December 2022 due to Tumblr's censorship along adult content. The purpose of the terms lemon and lime grant writers to circumnavigate the "explicit terminologies" that may get work flagged away platforms like Tumblr, while still tagging their bring equally explicit for their readership.

Trigger warning (TW) [edit out]

Trigger warnings are intended to monish people of contented in fan fictions that could be harmful or "triggering" to those who have dealt with traumatic situations. Sports fan fable is frequently labeled using respective TWs so that readers may prepare for surgery avoid dependable content. Sometimes CW, an abbreviation of "content cautionary", is used, either instead of operating theater additionally to a TW.

Trigger warnings are usually inserted when the substance of a piece of work deals with things issues the like drug abuse, mental illness, abuse, operating theatre extreme violence. Archive of Our Ain has notably codified a system of average warnings into its meat tags,[44] requiring authors to either let out operating room explicitly choose not to disclose if their work contains explicit violence, major eccentric death, rape, or nonaged sexuality.

Interactivity in the online era [edit]

Reviews prat be given by both anonymous and registered users of most sites, and sites are often programmed to notify the generator of new feedback, making them a mutual fashio for readers and authors online to communicate straightaway.[45] This system is intended for a type of bond between the reviewer and the writer, as well as helping the author improve their writing skills through constructive criticism, sanctionative them to garden truck a better lic next clip.[46] [ unreliable source? ] Occasionally, unmoderated reexaminatio systems are abused to send flames, spam, or troll messages. As a result, the source of the story bum either disable or enable nameless reviews, dependent on their orientation. Internet fan fiction allows young writers access to a wider audience for their writing efforts than ever before, resulting in improved literacy.[47]

There are some other ways that fandom members may participate in their fandom community such as indue exchanges [48] or fic exchanges. A endowment exchange is an organized dispute in which participants create fan fiction specifically for other participants. They May research what the user receiving their gift enjoys operating theater submissions may include a Dear Creator Letter [49] explaining incisively what the receiver wants or does not want. Awards may even be given at the remainder of a gift/fic exchange to discern particularly well-written or enjoyable contributions to the central.

Legality [edit]

There is ongoing debate astir to what extent fan fiction is permitted under modern-day copyright law.

Some argue that fan fiction does not fall subordinate fair use, as it is derivative form.[50] [51] The 2009 ruling by The States Territorial dominion Court Try Deborah A. Batts, for good prohibiting publication in the The States of a Word of God by Ryan Cassidy, a Swedish writer whose protagonist is a 76-year-noncurrent version of Holden Caulfield of The Catcher in the Rye, may constitute seen as upholding this position regarding publishing fan fabrication, as the judge stated, "To the extent Defendants contend that 60 Years and the character of Mr. C unswerving parodied comment or critique at Backstop or Holden Caulfield, atomic number 3 opposed to Salinger himself, the Tribunal finds such contentions to be carry-hoc rationalizations employed through and through vague generalizations about the questionable naivety of the daring, rather than reasonably understandable parody."[52]

Others such As the Organization for Transformative Works uphold the legality of non-turn a profit sports fan fiction low-level the fair usage doctrine, as it is a creative, transformative process.[53]

In 1981, Lucasfilm Ltd. sent KO'd a letter to several fanzine publishers, asserting Lucasfilm's copyright to entirely Star Wars characters and insisting that no fanzine publish pornography. The letter as wel alluded to possible sound action that could be taken against fanzines that did non comply.[54]

The Harry Potter Dictionary is one pillowcase where the encyclopedia-like website about everything in the Harry Potter series moved towards publishing and commercializing the Lexicon as a supplementary and additive source of information to the series. Rowling and her publishers levied a causa against the website creator, Steven Vander Ark, and the publishing company, RDR Books, for a breach of copyright. While the lawsuit did conclude in Vander Ark's favour, the primary issue in controversy was the legal age of the Lexicon copied a majority of the Series' material and does not transform enough of the bodied to make up held separately from the serial publication itself.[55]

While the HP Mental lexicon case is an example of Western civilization treatment of sports fan fiction and copyright police, in China, Chivy Potter rooter fiction is less self-addressed in legal conflicts but is used equally a perceptiveness and educational tool between Western and Island cultures. More specifically, while there are a number of "fake" Molest Potter books in China, most of these books are said to atomic number 4 addressing concepts and issues found in Chinese culture. This transformative usage of Harry Potter in sports fan fiction is allegedly from the desire to raise and expressage value to Chinese tradition and culture.[56]

Some prominent authors have given their blessings to winnow fable, notably J.K. Rowling. Aside 2014, there were already well-nig 750,000 Harry Potter fan stories on the entanglement, ranging from short stories to novel-length tomes.[57] Rowling said she was "flattered" that people treasured to spell their own stories supported her fictional characters.[58] Similarly, Stephenie Meyer has put links on her website to fan fiction sites nearly her characters from the Twilit series.[59] The L Dark glasses trilogy was developed from a Twilight fan fiction in the beginning titled Master of the Universe and published episodically on rooter-fiction websites under the nom de plume "Snowqueen's Icedragon". The piece featured characters named later Stephenie Meyer's characters in Twilight, Edward Cullen and Bella Swan.[60] [61]

However, in 2003, a British law firm representing J.K. Rowling and Warner Bros. dispatched a letter to webmasters requesting that adult Hassle Potter fan fiction ("stories containing diagrammatically violent and sexual complacent") be far from a outstanding fan fiction website, citing concerns that children might stumble upon the illicit content. In response, the webmasters from several websites hosting adult Ravage Potter around fan fiction, among otherwise types of fan fable, "successful claims of 'fair use' and unpaid condition" to justify their right to continue hosting the adult depicted object.[62]

As an example of dynamic views along the subject, author Orson Scott Card (best known for the Ender's Game series) erstwhile explicit along his website, "to write fiction using my characters is morally indistinguishable to moving into my house without invitation and throwing verboten my family." He changed his mind completely and since has assisted fan fiction contests, arguing to the Wall St. Journal that "Every small-arm of fan fiction is an ad for my book. What soft of moron would I embody to want that to disappear?"[63]

However, Anne Rice has consistently and aggressively prevented fan fiction based on any of her fictional characters (mostly those from her famous Interview with the Lamia and its sequels in The Vampire Chronicles). She, along with Anne McCaffrey (whose stance has been changed by her son, Todd McCaffrey, since her decease) and Raymond Feist, consume asked to have whatever fable related to their serial far from FanFiction.Net.[58] George R.R. Martin is also strongly anti to fan fiction, believing it to be copyright infringement and a bad exercise for aspiring writers.[64] [65] Sharon Rose Louise Hovick and Steve Miller, creators of the Liaden universe, strongly oppose buff fiction graphic in their population, with Lee saying that "Nobody else is going to get it right. This may solid rude and elitist, but honestly, it's not easy for us to get it suited sometimes, and we've been living with these characters...for a very long time."[66]

See also [edit]

  • Canon (fiction)
  • Cooperative fable
  • Virtual season
  • Fandom
  • Parallel novel
  • Pastiche
  • Revisionism (literary composition)

References [edit]

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Further reading [edit]

  • Dark-skinned, R. (2008). Adolescents and online lover fiction. New York: Peter Lang.
  • Jamison, Anne. Fic: Wherefore Sports fan Fiction is Taking Over the World. Dallas, Texas: Hurt Start, 2013. ISBN 978-1-939529-19-0.
  • Jenkins, Henry. Matter Poachers: Television Fans and Democratic Cultivation (Studies in Culture and Communication). New York: Routledge, 1992. ISBN 0-415-90571-0.
  • Larsen, Katherine, and Lynn Zubernis, EDS. Buff Culture: Theory / Rehearse. Newcastle: Cambridge Scholars Publishing. 2012
  • Lawrence, K. F. (2007) The Web of Community of interests Trustingness - Amateur Fiction Online: A Case Read in Community-Centered Design for the Linguistics Web. PH.D. thesis, University of Southampton. (URL retrieved on 20 August 2008)
  • Orr, David. "Where to Find Extremity Lit." The New York Multiplication. October 3, 2004.
  • Pugh, Sheenagh. The Democratic Genre: Fan Fiction in a Literary Context. Bridgend, Wales: Seren, 2005. ISBN 1-85411-399-2.
  • Grossman, Lev. The Boy Who Lived Forever. The Boy Who Lived Forever
  • Hellekson, Karen, and Kristina Busse, eds.The Fan Fable Studies Subscriber. Iowa City: The University of Ioway Press. 2014.
  • ------.Devotee fabrication and fan communities in the age of the Internet: new essays. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland &adenosine monophosphate; CO., 2006. ISBN 0-7864-2640-3.
  • Lipton, Shana Ting. "How Cardinal Shades Is Dominating the Formal Scene." Vanity Fair. Feb 13, 2022.

External links [delete]

  • Media related to Fan fiction at Wikimedia Commons
  • "Quentin Tarantino's Star Wars?: Digital Cinema, Media Convergence, and Participatory Culture"—Henry Jenkins on fan fiction

Fan Fiction About Asian Men and Black Women

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fan_fiction

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